California SB-1047: Safe and Secure Innovation for Frontier AI Models Act

Summary

A frontier-model safety-protocol-and-audit bill, not a pre-deployment testing mandate. Passed both chambers (Assembly 28 Aug 2024, Senate concurrence 29 Aug 2024 — the adoptedDate here) and was vetoed by Gov. Newsom on 29 September 2024, so it never became law (status: vetoed; never adopted/enacted). Its core obligation would have required developers of a covered model to adopt a written safety and security protocol and submit a SELF-certified statement of compliance before deployment, taking 'reasonable care' to prevent critical harm; independent THIRD-PARTY audits would have begun only on 1 January 2026 — there was no pre-deployment third-party testing requirement. A 'covered model' was defined conjunctively (>10^26 operations AND >$100M training cost, or fine-tuning >$10M), not a disjunctive trigger. It drew a high-profile coalition — supporters incl. Bengio, Hinton, Musk, Hendrycks and Stuart Russell; opponents incl. Andrew Ng, Fei-Fei Li, Yann LeCun, Pelosi, Lofgren, Khanna, Andreessen Horowitz, Y Combinator and OpenAI. Cited in every 2024-2025 AI governance literature review as the most impactful US state intervention. Currency (2026-06-22): re-introduction did not revive SB 1047; instead author Sen. Wiener's pared-back successor SB 53 (Transparency in Frontier AI Act, tracked here as CA-SB-53) was signed by Gov. Newsom on 2025-09-29 — the first enforceable US state frontier-AI safety law, most provisions effective 2026-01-01.

At a glance

Adopted

2024-08-29

Effective

—

Status

vetoed

Primary source

Cal. SB-1047 (Wiener, 2024)

Source URL

https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202320240SB1047